Level descriptions according to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR)

What does it mean to have a particular language level? The Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) describes what you are able to do when you have a specific language level. Below is an overview of the different levels and what you can understand and use in a foreign language at each level.

What is the CEFR?

When determining a student’s language level, we use the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) as a guide. In English, this is known as the CEFR: Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. This framework describes, for each language level, what a person should be able to do in a foreign language. There are six levels of language proficiency, ranging from beginner (A1) to very advanced (C2).

 

 

Language levels explained

  • Beginner A1
    You can understand familiar everyday words and short, simple sentences when someone speaks slowly and clearly. You can introduce yourself and ask and answer simple questions about personal details, such as where you live and who you know. You can communicate at a basic level, provided the other person speaks slowly and is willing to help you.
  • Beginner A2
    You can understand common phrases and expressions on topics related to your daily life, such as family, work, shopping and your immediate surroundings. You can grasp the main points of short, clear messages. You can communicate in simple, everyday situations where you exchange information directly. You can also talk about your background and daily life in simple terms.
  • Upper-intermediate B1
    You can understand the main points of clear, standard language on familiar topics such as work, school and leisure. You can follow the main points in many radio and TV programmes when people speak fairly clearly. You can manage in most situations when travelling. You can also write coherent texts on topics that interest you, explaining your opinions, experiences and plans.
  • Advanced B2
    You can grasp the main ideas of more complex texts and well-structured presentations on both concrete and abstract topics. You can follow discussions within your field and understand most news and current affairs programmes and films in standard language. You can communicate fluently and spontaneously with native speakers. You can also write clear, detailed texts in which you support a viewpoint with arguments.
  • Advanced C1
    You can understand longer, demanding texts and conversations, and recognise implicit meanings. You express yourself fluently and spontaneously without a noticeable search for words. You use language flexibly and effectively in social, academic and professional contexts. You can also write well-structured and detailed texts on complex topics.
  • Expert C2
    You understand virtually everything you hear or read with ease, even when people speak quickly or have an unfamiliar accent (after a short period of adjustment). You can summarise and logically reconstruct information from a variety of spoken and written sources. You express yourself very fluently, spontaneously and accurately, and can distinguish subtle nuances of meaning, even in complex situations.

What level of language proficiency do I need?

The level of language proficiency you need depends on your personal goals. Do you want to communicate more effectively at work? Study in the Netherlands? Or get by more easily in everyday life? Each goal requires a suitable level of language proficiency.

Dutch language courses

Would you like to improve your Dutch? At Babel, we offer:

  • Group courses and private lessons in Dutch for comprehensive language development

  • Dutch language courses for integration

  • Dutch exam preparation for medical professionals wishing to work in the healthcare sector in the Netherlands

View our Dutch language courses
English language courses

Babel also offers a range of options for English:

  • Group courses and private lessons in English for comprehensive language development

  • Courses in Business English, Spoken English and Academic English for confident communication in the workplace

  • English exam preparation (e.g. IELTS or TOEFL)

View our English language courses
 

Need advice?

We’d be happy to help. Please get in touch to discuss your goals and situation. That way, we can ensure you start the course at the right level and get the most out of it.

Would you like to find out what your current language level is? Then take our free placement test. You’ll receive personalised advice from one of our teachers within five working days.

Take placement test
 

Frequently asked questions?

What does CEFR stand for?

CEFR stands for the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. In Dutch, we refer to this as the European Framework of Reference for Languages (ERK).

How do I know what my language level is?

To make sure you enrol at the right level, you can take our free placement test. This test will help you assess your current level. Once you’ve completed it, the test will be marked by one of our experienced teachers, who will provide you with personalised feedback. That way, you’ll know exactly which level suits you best.

Can I choose a course without taking the placement test?

You can, but we recommend that you take the test first. That way, you can be sure you’re starting at the right level and achieving the best results.
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